Leadership Team
Adam Hollowell
Adam Hollowell serves as Senior Research Associate at the Samuel DuBois Cook Center on Social Equity and Director of the Inequality Studies Minor at Duke University. He is also the Faculty Director of the Benjamin N. Duke Memorial Scholarship Program and Director of the Global Inequality Research Initiative. An award-winning educator, he teaches ethics and inequality studies across multiple departments at Duke University, including the Kenan Institute for Ethics, the Program in Education, the Department of History, and the Sanford School of Public Policy. He is the co-author, with Jamie McGhee, of You Mean It or You Donât: James Baldwinâs Radical Challenge (Broadleaf Books, 2022).
David M. Malone
David Maloneâs work focuses on educational psychology, applications of cognitive science to teaching and learning, literacy, student-centered approaches to instruction, experiential and service learning, and learning disabilities.
Gwendolyn Wright
Gwen Wright is the senior administrator and research scientist for the Cook Center. She oversees the development and implementation of programs and projects in support of the strategic vision and goals of the Center.
Keisha L. Bentley-Edwards
Dr. Keisha Bentley-Edwards is the Associate Director of Research and Director of the Health Equity Working Group for the Samuel DuBois Cook Center on Social Equity and an Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, at Duke University. She holds several leadership positions within Dukeâs Clinical and Translational Science Institute, and faculty affiliations with Dukeâs Global Health and Cancer Institutes.
Dr. Bentley-Edwardsâ research focuses on how racism, gender, and culture influence development throughout the lifespan, especially for African Americans. Her research emphasizes cultural strengths and eliminating structural barriers to support healthy development in communities, families, and schools. Dr. Bentley-Edwards has published and lectured extensively on the use of racial socialization and racial cohesion strategies to facilitate positive outcomes in Black adolescents, as well as how teacher perceptions and school resources can influence disciplinary practices and classroom management. As head of the Cook Centerâs Health Equity Working Group, Dr. Bentley-Edwards leads a mixed method study investigating the relationships between religion and spirituality and cardiovascular disease risk factors for African Americans. She is dedicated to healthy birth and pregnancy outcomes, and reproductive health in general. Dr Bentley-Edwards is committed to eliminating racism and its effects on equitable outcomes in health systems, schools, and society. Her research has been supported by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, IBM, and the National Institutes of Health. Dr. Bentley-Edwards regularly shares her expertise on the role of structural racism and bias on health, education and social outcomes with families, policymakers, practitioners, and the media.
Kristen R. Stephens
Kristen Stephens is interested in legal and policy issues with regard to gifted education at the federal, state, and local levels. Her research has also focused on how teachers assess creative student products to inform future instruction.
Research and Administrative Staff
Erica Phillips
Erica R. Phillips is the Educational Equity and Policy Specialist at the Samuel DuBois Cook Center on Social Equity. She serves on the Educational Policy working group, focusing on K-12 students. Erica is a research associate for a federal grant studying the benefits and inequities of gifted programming. She has an M.A. in Educational Equity, Policy, and Reform from Duke University and B.A. in Elementary Education with a specialization in Spanish Language and Literature from The University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill.
Erica comes to The Cook Center with previous experience as a public school teacher. Working in both Durham Public Schools and Chapel Hill Carrboro City Schools, Erica believes in developing the whole child, balancing culturally-responsive teaching methods with maintaining high academic expectations. Her educational passions align with removing barriers for all people to reach their fullest potential, through community organizing and policy changes.
JoAnn OâNeal
JoAnn OâNeal is the Financial Analyst II/Business Manager for the Cook Center. She also serves as the Grant Manager and is responsible for pre and post award administration of grants and contracts for the Center.
Kennedy Ruff
Kennedy Ruff graduated from Guilford College in 2022 with a B.A in Psychology and a minor in Biology. During high school, Kennedy was a part of the first cohort for the Hank & Billye Suber Aaron Young Scholars Summer Research Institute and now oversees the program. In addition to coordinating the Young Scholars Summer Research Institute, Kennedy is a research associate to Dr. Keisha Bentley Edwards with her research in health equity.
Rachel Ruff
Rachel Ruff works to disseminate research findings and current events to media materials for the Cook center past, current, and ongoing projects. Additionally, she works with the Inequality Studies minor and the Hank and Billye Suber Aaron Young Scholars Research Institute. She graduated from Fayetteville State University with her BA in Political Science and a minor in Creative & Professional Writing.
Her research interests span across Political Science, History, Public Policy, and Education Policy, with a keen focus on higher education, civic engagement, and social equity. She is particularly interested in exploring political behavior, the dynamics of the American political system, and the impact of public opinion on legislative processes. Additionally, she is interested in how these concepts shape an understanding of the current state of Black American Politics.
Shahrazad Shareef
Shahrazad Shareef is a critical theorist and a historian who investigates the global expansion of capitalism in the modern era. She earned a BA in Economics from Duke University in 2006, as well as a Ph.D. in comparative literature and an Interdisciplinary Certificate in European Studies in 2021. Her dissertation was entitled: âFrom Crisis to Restoration: Technical Intellectuals and the Politics of Italy’s Post-war Developmentâ. Her primary research interests include: historical capitalism and cycles of accumulation; theories of surplus value; economic development; Marxist theoretical approaches to historical analysis; the rise of Italian fascism; and philosophy and the development of workerâs consciousness. She is currently working on a book that studies the transformation of the world market through successive cycles of systemic accumulation (British and US-led). In her role at the Cook Center, Shahrazad is building the intellectual identity of the minor in inequality studies and expanding enrollment. Originally from Brooklyn, NY, she looks forward to a day when everyone is free.
Tori Cook
Tori Cook is an Associate in Research with the Samuel Dubois Cook Center on Social Equity. She received her B.A. in Sociology from the University of North Carolina at Wilmington and her Master’s in Social Work (MSW) from the University of Kentucky. Tori completed her practicum placements with the Justice Policy Institute (JPI) Â and the North Carolina Chapter of the National Association of Social Workers (NC-NASW). Prior to joining the Cook Center, she was a Research Assistant with the University of Kentucky and a Reentry Case Manager with LINC, Inc., working with individuals returning from incarceration. Her passion lies in the relationship between social research and advocacy, specifically exploring how gendered racism across systems and its policies contributes to racial disparities and inequities in the criminal justice legal system. She plans to pursue her PhD in Sociology, specializing in Crime and Social Control.
Vontonya Borden
Vontonya Borden is the Associate in Research-Administrative Assistant for the Cook Center. She has worked in several administrative and program support roles â most recently as a staff specialist. She will oversee and perform facility operations for the Cook Center.
Postdoctoral Scholars and Associates
Elizabeth Degefe
Quran Karriem
Quran is an experimental musician, media artist and theorist working primarily with electronic and algorithmic media. His research is concerned with human improvisation and automated decision, particularly insofar as they reproduce sovereign power and racial hierarchy through semi-autonomous knowledge systems. His work examines the power relations and ideologies that inhere in the design of digital systems, processes and interfaces, and is motivated by a concern with the operative and recursive nature of computational, racialized capital in postmodern sociotechnical assemblages.
A multiple award-winning software designer and former product executive, Quran has led development teams for a number of media and technology companies and applies a decade of direct experience with systems design, data management and organizational structure in the context of âstart-up cultureâ to social critique. His product initiatives have been recognized by such global research and trade bodies as Gartner Research, the Groupe SpĂ©ciale Mobile Association (GSMA), the Software and Information Industry Association (SIIA) and Frost & Sullivan.
Doctoral Scholars
Arko Dasgupta
Arko Dasgupta is a PhD candidate in history at Carnegie Mellon University and an Associate in Research in the Samuel DuBois Cook Center on Social Equity. His research interests include empire, race, Modern India, early Indian immigration in the United States, and the Civil Rights Movement. He is currently working on his dissertation titled The Colour of Anticolonialism: Locating Antiracism in the Indian Freedom Struggle, 1893-1964. He is a Prafulla C Mukerji Fellow and a Kedia-Tayur Fellow in South Asian American History at Carnegie Mellon University. He has an MPhil in International Studies from Jamia Millia Islamia, an MA in Conflict Analysis & Peace Building from Jamia Millia Islamia, and a BA in Economics, Political Science, Sociology from St Joseph’s College, Bangalore. Access Arko’s website here: arkodasgupta.com
Faculty Affiliates
Lauren Brinkley-Rubinstein
Lauren Brinkley-Rubinstein is an Associate Professor of Population Health Sciences and core faculty in the Samuel Dubois Cook Center on Social Equity . She is a national expert in examining how the criminal legal system impacts people, families, and communities. During the pandemic, she co-founded the COVID Prison Project, one of the only national data projects that tracks and analyzes COVID testing, cases, and deaths in prison systems across the country. She utilized the infrastructure of the COVID Prison Project to recently launch the Third City Projectâa Robert Wood Johnson Foundation funded big data project that tracks and aggregates publicly available health and health policy data from carceral systems. Additionally, Dr. Brinkley-Rubinstein is the PI of several NIH and foundation grants focused on substance use, HIV prevention, and mortality. In 2019, she co-edited a special issue of AJPH that explored how mass incarceration is a socio-structural determinant of health and more recently was invited by the National Academy of Medicine to attend its Annual Emerging Leaders Forum. Her work has been featured in the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, ProPublica, CNN, Science Magazine, and other media outlets. Her work blends research and policy, which has recently culminated in providing expert consultation to congress relevant to prison standards and data reporting.
Lauren Russell
Lauren Russell is a researcher at the Federal Reserve Board of Governors in Washington, D.C., focusing on topics related to racial disparities. She was previously a visiting research associate at the Cook Center during her Ph.D. candidacy. Her research interests lie in labor economics and public finance, with a focus on the intersections of poverty, race, inequality, and gender. She is specifically interested in neighborhood sorting, neighborhood effects, and U.S housing policy. She earned a Ph.D. in public policy from Harvard University, an M.A. in economics from Duke University, and a B.A. in classics with a minor in economics from Harvard University.
Lisa Gennetian
Dr. Gennetian is an applied economist whose research straddles a variety of topics that fall under the umbrella of child poverty focused on the economic behavior of parents and households, the implications on childrenâs development, and the ways in which children and families are affected by resources provided and experiences with social policies and programs. Â Her work embraces multi- and inter-disciplinary frameworks drawing upon a rich history of collaboration with scholars across fields of child development, economics, neuroscience, political science, and sociology. She is a PI on the first multi-site multi-year randomized control study of a monthly unconditional cash transfer to low income mothers of infants in the U.S. called Babyâs First Years. Her recent work bridges poverty scholarship with advances in insights from behavioral economics to the arena of childrenâs development.
Loneke Blackman Carr
My weight control research focuses on reducing disparities in obesity prevalence, and obesity prevention and treatment intervention outcomes in black women. As an InCHIP Affiliate, I will develop research using qualitative, quantitative and intervention methods to understand why black women experience subpar outcomes in weight control interventions. Prior to UConn, I conducted a comparative effectiveness study using a randomized control design to test how the standard behavioral weight loss treatment approach may be enhanced to produce better outcomes in black women.
Malik S. Henfield
Dr. Malik S. Henfield is a Full Professor and Founding Dean of the Institute for Racial Justice at Loyola University Chicago (scheduled to launch Fall 2021). He received a BA in Biology from Francis Marion University, a MEd and EdS in School Counseling from The University of South Carolina, and a PhD in Counselor Education from The Ohio State University.
Dr. Henfield has published multiple scholarly manuscripts and books, and delivered numerous national, regional, state, and local keynote addresses and professional presentations. His scholarship situates Black studentsâ lived experiences in a broader ecological milieu to critically explore how their personal, social, academic, and career success is impeded and enhanced by school, family, and community contexts. His work to date has focused heavily on the experiences of Black students formally identified as gifted/high-achieving while his latest projects focus more exclusively on developing, implementing, and evaluating in- and out-of-school interventions associated with developing Black students ready to succeed in college and careers.
As a counselor educator, Professor Henfield also has a fundamental belief in mental health as a key component in meeting studentsâ needs and is, therefore, committed to diversifying the counseling profession as a means to help the profession better reflect current demographics. To that end, he also researches underrepresented studentsâ (Black and international students) experiences in counselor training programs as a means to uncover the connection between programmatic factors and positive student outcomes and experiences, which has direct implications for increased diversity in the counseling profession. He has consulted on these topics at Atlanta Public School District, Baltimore City Public School District, Oakland Unified School District, and San Francisco Unified School District, and many other school districts and community stakeholders across the country on topics related to his scholarly interests.
Over the years, Dr. Henfield has been widely recognized for his scholarship and service including winning the American Education Research Association (AERA) Division E Research Paper of the Year Award, the Chi Sigma Iota International Honor Societyâs Outstanding Article Award, and the Outstanding Research Award from the North Central Association for Counselor Education and Supervision (NCACES). In terms of leadership recognition, he was named an Emerging Leader by the Phi Delta Kappa (PDK) International Education Association, a Young Academic Fellow by the Institute for Higher Education and the Lumina Foundation, and was elected Chair of one of AERAâs largest Special Interest Groups (SIG), the Critical Examination of Race, Ethnicity, Class, and Gender in Education (2018-2021).
His research has resulted in millions of dollars of external funding including, most recently a National Science Foundation (NSF) grant focused on increasing the number of students of color entering computer science professions and an Institute of Education Sciences (IES) grant aimed at determining the extent to which school districts provide equity and excellence in their gifted education programming.
Martin P. Smith
Dr. Martin P. Smith blazed his own path by first fusing his passion for education and sport at the University of California at Berkeley. He earned his bachelorâs (â06) and masterâs (â07) degrees in education while playing basketball for the Golden Bears. At Berkeley, he won the 2006 Jake Gimbell Award which honors the student most committed to academic and athletic excellence. After matriculating at Berkeley, he worked in San Diegoâs inner city, teaching geometry at Lincoln High School and adult education at San Diego Community College. He also established the Phil Smith Basketball Camp to honor his late father, NBA All-Star Phil Smith, using basketball as a means to promote academic achievement. In pursuit of his passions, Dr. Smith has traveled extensively, directing basketball clinics in China, the Philippines, and Panama. Furthermore, he was the Lead Teacherâs Assistant at the University of Cape Town, South Africa facilitating a course examining the effects of apartheid and American segregation on contemporary Black, urban economic development. He completed his Ph.D. in Cultural Studies in Education at The University of Texas at Austin. He then conducted post-doctoral research in Spanish at UTâs Mesoamerica Center in Antigua, Guatemala, studying the amalgamation of race, culture, education, and athletics. After leaving Guatemala, he joined the faculty at Duke University where he is currently an Assistant Professor of Education.
Nancy MacLean
Nancy MacLean is an award-winning scholar of the twentieth-century U.S., whose most recent book, Democracy in Chains: The Deep History of the Radical Rightâs Stealth Plan for America, a finalist for the National Book Award in Nonfiction and a New York Times bestseller, won the Los Angeles Times Book Prize in Current Interest, the Lannan Foundation Cultural Freedom Award, and the Lillian Smith Book Award for writing about the South. MacLean is the author of four other books, including Freedom is Not Enough: The Opening of the American Workplace (2006) called by the Chicago Tribune “contemporary history at its best,â and Behind the Mask of Chivalry: The Making of the Second Ku Klux Klan, named a New York Times “noteworthy” book of 1994. Her articles and review essays have appeared in American Quarterly, The Boston Review, Feminist Studies, Gender & History, In These Times, International Labor and Working-Class History, Labor, Labor History, Journal of American History, Journal of Womenâs History, Law and History Review, The Nation, The New Republic, the Progressive and many edited collections. Often on the radio, she has also been a frequent guest on such cable shows as Democracy Now! Real Time with Bill Maher, and the ReidOut with Joy Reid. Professor MacLeanâs scholarship has received more than a dozen prizes and awards and been supported by fellowships from the American Council of Learned Societies, the National Endowment for the Humanities, the National Humanities Center, the Russell Sage Foundation, PolicyLink, and the Woodrow Wilson National Fellowships Foundation. In 2010, she was elected a fellow of the Society of American Historians, which recognizes literary distinction in the writing of history and biography.
Research Assistants and Fellows
Brittany Reaves
I am a JD/MA in History dual degree student at North Carolina Central University. My research has been centered around constitutional law, civil rights, and African American history. As a teaching assistant of Dr. Jim Harper II, I was able to participate in the History of Inequality course by adding a legal perspective to the content, assisting with lectures, and giving constructive feedback to undergraduate students on their work products.
Catherine Kiplagat
Catherine is a freshman majoring in Chemistry hoping to pursue biotech research and is a student-athlete on the track and field team. Catherine participated in the Young Scholars program prior to Duke and researched the effects of black representation on predominately black cities and how mental health impacts recidivism rates in black inmates.
Imari Smith
A recent graduate of the University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health with a Master of Public Health in Health Behavior, Imari Smith currently works as an Associate in Research for the Cook Centerâs Health Equity Working Group. She obtained a Bachelor of Arts from Duke University in womenâs studies with a minor in chemistry, and was the first in the history of the Womenâs Studies department (now Gender, Sexuality, and Feminist Studies) to graduate with Highest Distinction for her honors thesis titled Black Femininity through the White Speculum. Through her work with the Cook Center, Imari continues her studies of the intersections of gender, race, class, and health inequities.
Olanrewaju “Lanre” Adisa
Olanrewaju “Lanre” Adisa is a graduate student in the Duke University School of Medicine and a member of the Health Equity Working Group with the Cook Center.
Qirui Ju
Qirui Ju is a Master of Arts in Economics graduate from Duke University. He is passionate about conducting quantitative research on policy-related questions, including inequality, labor, technology, and health. Qirui aims to promote progress in society through his research. Prior to Duke, he graduated with the highest distinction from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Qirui will serve as a research associate at the Samuel DuBois Cook Center on Social Equity.
Runling Wu
Runling is currently helping Dr. Ali with his collaborators on disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on different racial communities. Her research interests include intergenerational mobility, early childhood education and broad impacts of social inequality.
Soumya Mathew
Soumya is a first year Master of Public Policy (MPP) student at Sanford School of Public Policy. She has three years of research experience in the development sector. Currently, she is assisting Prof Raffi E. GarcĂa with his research on automation and pay transparency.
Xin Lin
Xin is a research assistant working with Dr. Raffi GarcĂa on a project investigating the game theory of self-reporting race in small business loan applications. They are also researching gender and racial inequality in Paycheck Protection Program (PPP).